Misinformation Alerts
Knowing what misinformation is being shared can help you generate effective messaging.
These insights are based on a combination of automated media monitoring and manual review by public health data analysts. Media data are publicly available data from many sources, such as social media, broadcast television, newspapers and magazines, news websites, online video, blogs, and more. Analysts from the Public Good Projects triangulate this data along with other data from fact checking organizations and investigative sources to provide an accurate, but not exhaustive, list of currently circulating misinformation.Misinformation Alerts
Knowing what misinformation is being shared can help you generate effective messaging.
These insights are based on a combination of automated media monitoring and manual review by public health data analysts. Media data are publicly available data from many sources, such as social media, broadcast television, newspapers and magazines, news websites, online video, blogs, and more. Analysts from the Public Good Projects triangulate this data along with other data from fact checking organizations and investigative sources to provide an accurate, but not exhaustive, list of currently circulating misinformation.Alerts are categorized as high, medium, and low risk.
- High risk alerts: Narratives with widespread circulation across communities, high engagement, exponential velocity, and a high potential to impact health decisions. Are often more memorable than accurate information.
- Medium risk alerts: Narratives that are circulating in priority populations and pose some threat to health. Potential for further spread due to the tactics used or because of predicted velocity. Often highlights the questions and concerns of people.
- Low risk alerts: Narratives that are limited in reach, don’t impact your community, or lack the qualities necessary for future spread. May indicate information gaps, confusion, or concerns.
A video from America’s Frontline Doctors, an organization reported by news organizations and fact checking groups as frequently sharing misinformation, was widely shared on social media. In the video, the group’s founder and CEO repeatedly refers to COVID-19 vaccines as “experimental,” and repeats debunked theories that the vaccines will cause infertility. The video encourages people to visit the group’s website to obtain a prescription for hydroxychloroquine through a telehealth visit with a pharmacy in Florida.
Recommendation:
Passive Response Read More +
Despite evidence to the contrary, hydroxychloroquine continues to be widely promoted in social media as a cure or therapeutic for COVID-19. Given the continuing confusion, FAQ’s and other informational materials should be updated to address hydroxychloroquine’s recommended uses. Continuing to promote the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines can in itself address further misinformation. Fact Checking Source(s): medpagetoday.com, snopes.com, thelancet.com, covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov, nih.gov
To date, the CDC has not identified any cases in which a COVID-19 vaccine has caused a person's death. All reported adverse events following vaccination are being investigated. Despite this, some 180 deaths have been reported to the US-government endorsed and reviewed Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), a passive surveillance system where any individual can self-report any health problem following immunization. VAERS does not require any proof to report an adverse event. Vaccine opponents have seized upon the reported 180 deaths to raise doubts about the safety protocols being used for mass COVID-19 immunization and to call for a halt to COVID-19 immunization. A longstanding criticism of VAERS by many of these same groups led them to recently create independent COVID-19 vaccine injury reporting systems, encouraging members of the public to report using these non-official systems rather than VAERS itself.
Recommendation:
Ignore Read More +
Self-reported morbidity and mortality allegedly due to COVID-19 vaccines has recently become a strategy by anti-vaccine organizations to undermine trust in government-backed reporting systems and investigations of adverse events. As this strategy is expected to continue, talking points should continue to regularly promote vaccines and their safety and efficacy, and familiarity with the US’ actual vaccine adverse event reporting system is encouraged for public health communicators: https://vaers.hhs.gov/ Fact Checking Source(s): vaers.hhs.gov
Facebook, Twitter, and TikTok users are claiming that a recent sharp increase in COVID-19 deaths in Gibraltar is due to its recently begun mass COVID-19 immunization. Multiple fact-checking sites have reported that the increase was in fact part of a trend that had started before vaccination began.
Recommendation:
Ignore Read More +
Addressing this misinformation could distract from priority talking points. Continuing to promote the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, including the reporting and investigation of all adverse events following vaccination, is recommended. Fact Checking Source(s):reuters.com
The 2020-2021 influenza season has shown lower-than-average reports of the flu, which most experts accredit to the public health measures in place to stop the spread of COVID-19. However, based on these low numbers, rumors are spreading that health officials have been falsely reporting influenza cases as COVID-19 cases, to make the pandemic appear more severe than it is.
Recommendation:
Ignore Read More +
Addressing this misinformation could distract from priority talking points. Continuing to promote seasonal flu vaccination and the safety and efficacy of all vaccines is recommended. Fact Checking Source(s): skepticalraptor.com
Vaccine opponents are using the reported death of a recently vaccinated 60-year old Orange County, California resident as further proof that COVID-19 vaccines are dangerous. This follows a similar pattern of associating COVID-19 vaccines with any reported death. Shortly prior to this story, vaccine opponents were attributing the death of a Placer County, California resident to his recent COVID-19 vaccination. To-date, the CDC has not identified any cases in which a COVID-19 vaccine has caused a person's death. All reported adverse events following vaccination are being investigated.
Recommendation:
Ignore Read More +
Addressing this misinformation could distract from priority talking points. Continuing to promote the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, including the reporting and investigation of all adverse events following vaccination, is recommended. Fact Checking Source(s):abc7.com
Anti-vaccination advocates are making further efforts to link vaccines and injury by creating a new vaccine injury reporting system: vaxxtracker.com. Children’s Health Defense is also hosting a vaccine injury reporting system. Both sites are focused particularly on COVID-19 vaccines. These systems are not endorsed by public health authorities and have no relationship, legal or otherwise, with the US-government vaccine adverse event reporting system: the CDC and FDA-monitored Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). The creation of these new systems appears to be at least partly in response to anti-vaccination group’s distrust of public health and government authorities, and unhappiness with the administration of VAERS. Anonymity and confidentiality of submitted data into these new systems is a concern.
Recommendation:
Ignore Read More +
Continuing to regularly promote vaccines and their safety and efficacy should be prioritized, and familiarity with the US actual vaccine adverse event reporting system is encouraged for public health communicators: https://vaers.hhs.gov/ Fact Checking Source(s):https://vaers.hhs.gov
Sources based in China and Russia, some appearing to be state-sponsored, are involved in a global disinformation campaign to discredit Western COVID-19 vaccines, including the vaccines made by Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna. News coverage of deaths or illness occurring after vaccination with Western vaccines, occurring anywhere in the world, are being amplified to sow doubt in these vaccine’s safety and efficacy. Other talking points include:
· Pfizer and Moderna shots are risky or deadly
· That Western governments and media are covering up illness and deaths due to these vaccines
· The U.S. pharmaceutical industry is concerned more with profit than safety and transparency
· That mRNA technology is unsafe
These talking points and others are now being echoed and elaborated on by US-based conspiracy groups, anti-government groups, anti-mask/public health groups and/or personal liberty groups, and anti-vaccine groups.
Recommendation:
Passive Response Read More +
Continuing to regularly promote vaccines and their safety and efficacy is itself debunking this misinformation. While appropriate government agencies should be addressing state-sponsored disinformation, public health doing so will distract from priority talking points. Additionally, it is important not to discredit the legitimate questions and concerns of the American public by giving the impression they are coming from foreign sources. Foreign sources are amplifying actual concerns. Further, as more people get vaccinated, morbidity and mortality will naturally occur among people who have received a COVID-19 vaccine; this is because at a population level, illness and death are always occurring. There is to-date no evidence COVID-19 vaccines are linked to deaths. Suggested talking points would be to emphasize that adverse events after vaccination are investigated, there is no evidence COVID-19 vaccines are linked to deaths, and to educate on the normal, expected level of illness and death in the population. Familiarity with baseline levels of morbidity and mortality, along with the current incidence of COVID-19 deaths, can aid communicators in explaining coincidence vs. causation. Fact Checking Source(s):politico.com
On January 5th, baseball legend Hank Aaron publicly received the COVID-19 vaccine in Georgia, partially as a way of inspiring the Black community to become vaccinated. He died seventeen days later in his sleep from natural causes. A coroner clarified that he did not have COVID-19 symptoms at the time of his death. Vaccine skeptics have falsely linked his death to the vaccine, claiming it is part of a wave of vaccine-related deaths among older adults across the world (which is not true). Anti-vaccine advocates are also framing his death as evidence that the Black community in the US is correct to be hesitant of COVID-19 vaccines, and should distrust any public health outreach to the Black community. Anti-vaxxers are capitalizing on a legendary American’s death and tarnishing one of his final heroic acts, to encourage vaccination, in order to cast him as an unwitting pawn of public health authorities.
Recommendation:
Ignore Read More +
Black / African American health experts and community leaders in the United States have recently begun advising health communicators to stop using the term "vaccine hesitant" when referencing Black communities, and to stop referring to information circulating within Black communities as "misinformation." These experts are advising health communicators to instead focus on partnering with and empowering Black community leaders and organizations, and to earn trust instead of asking for or expecting it. Given the legacy of unethical treatment of Black communities and individuals in the United States by the medical and public health fields, this approach is recommended. Focusing on the anti-vaccine movement’s actions in this case will distract from priority talking points regarding vaccine safety and efficacy, the equity of vaccine distribution, disproportionate risk of and mortality from COVID-19 among African Americans, and structural racism. Fact Checking Source(s):wsbtv.com, factcheck.afp.com, usatoday.com
False claims to continue to circulate that it is better to acquire COVID-19 than to get the vaccine. This new spike in the same misinformation stems from Merck's discontinuation of their vaccine trial because immune responses to natural infection were stronger than the response generated by their trial vaccines. Misleading claims leave out the fact that Merck discontinued trials because the immune response from their vaccines were inferior to those reported for other COVID-19 vaccines.
Recommendation:
Passive Response Read More +
Continuing to regularly promote COVID-19 vaccines and their safety and efficacy should be prioritized. FAQ’s and other informational resources should be updated to address the ongoing question among the public regarding whether natural immunity is sufficient for protection, or a good strategy for personal or community protection, and the relative risk of COVID-19 illness to individuals and those they come in contact with. Fact Checking Source(s):apnews.com, merck.com
Stories about the deaths of 30+ elderly people in Norway following COVID-19 vaccination are being widely circulated. The deaths were investigated, and Norway health officials have determined that the inoculations were not the cause of death. However, vaccine opponents believe this is another example of government cover up, and public and private sector collusion. As a result of the deaths, doctors in Norway have been instructed out of an abundance of caution to consider if someone who is frail and near the end of life is an appropriate candidate for a COVID-19 vaccine given that mild or moderate reactions such as fever or diarrhea may prove harmful to already frail individuals.
Recommendation:
Passive Response Read More +
Continuing to regularly promote vaccines and their safety and efficacy is itself debunking this misinformation. However, as more people get vaccinated, morbidity and mortality will naturally occur among people who have received a COVID-19 vaccine; this is because at a population level, illness and death are always occurring. There is to-date no evidence COVID-19 vaccines are linked to deaths. Suggested talking points would be to emphasize that adverse events after vaccination are investigated, there is no evidence COVID-19 vaccines are linked to deaths, and to educate on the normal, expected level of illness and death in the population. Familiarity with baseline levels of morbidity and mortality, along with the current incidence of COVID-19 deaths, can aid communicators in explaining coincidence vs. causation. Fact Checking Source(s): politifact.com
Alerts are categorized as high, medium, and low risk.
- High risk alerts: Narratives with widespread circulation across communities, high engagement, exponential velocity, and a high potential to impact health decisions. Are often more memorable than accurate information.
- Medium risk alerts: Narratives that are circulating in priority populations and pose some threat to health. Potential for further spread due to the tactics used or because of predicted velocity. Often highlights the questions and concerns of people.
- Low risk alerts: Narratives that are limited in reach, don’t impact your community, or lack the qualities necessary for future spread. May indicate information gaps, confusion, or concerns.
Vaccine Misinformation Guide
Get practical tips for addressing misinformation in this new guide. Click image to download, or see highlights.