Misinformation Alerts
Knowing what misinformation is being shared can help you generate effective messaging.
These insights are based on a combination of automated media monitoring and manual review by public health data analysts. Media data are publicly available data from many sources, such as social media, broadcast television, newspapers and magazines, news websites, online video, blogs, and more. Analysts from the Public Good Projects triangulate this data along with other data from fact checking organizations and investigative sources to provide an accurate, but not exhaustive, list of currently circulating misinformation.Misinformation Alerts
Knowing what misinformation is being shared can help you generate effective messaging.
These insights are based on a combination of automated media monitoring and manual review by public health data analysts. Media data are publicly available data from many sources, such as social media, broadcast television, newspapers and magazines, news websites, online video, blogs, and more. Analysts from the Public Good Projects triangulate this data along with other data from fact checking organizations and investigative sources to provide an accurate, but not exhaustive, list of currently circulating misinformation.Alerts are categorized as high, medium, and low risk.
- High risk alerts: Narratives with widespread circulation across communities, high engagement, exponential velocity, and a high potential to impact health decisions. Are often more memorable than accurate information.
- Medium risk alerts: Narratives that are circulating in priority populations and pose some threat to health. Potential for further spread due to the tactics used or because of predicted velocity. Often highlights the questions and concerns of people.
- Low risk alerts: Narratives that are limited in reach, don’t impact your community, or lack the qualities necessary for future spread. May indicate information gaps, confusion, or concerns.
False claims to continue to circulate that it is better to acquire COVID-19 than to get the vaccine. This new spike in the same misinformation stems from Merck's discontinuation of their vaccine trial because immune responses to natural infection were stronger than the response generated by their trial vaccines. Misleading claims leave out the fact that Merck discontinued trials because the immune response from their vaccines were inferior to those reported for other COVID-19 vaccines.
Recommendation:
Passive Response Read More +
Continuing to regularly promote COVID-19 vaccines and their safety and efficacy should be prioritized. FAQ’s and other informational resources should be updated to address the ongoing question among the public regarding whether natural immunity is sufficient for protection, or a good strategy for personal or community protection, and the relative risk of COVID-19 illness to individuals and those they come in contact with. Fact Checking Source(s):apnews.com, merck.com
Stories about the deaths of 30+ elderly people in Norway following COVID-19 vaccination are being widely circulated. The deaths were investigated, and Norway health officials have determined that the inoculations were not the cause of death. However, vaccine opponents believe this is another example of government cover up, and public and private sector collusion. As a result of the deaths, doctors in Norway have been instructed out of an abundance of caution to consider if someone who is frail and near the end of life is an appropriate candidate for a COVID-19 vaccine given that mild or moderate reactions such as fever or diarrhea may prove harmful to already frail individuals.
Recommendation:
Passive Response Read More +
Continuing to regularly promote vaccines and their safety and efficacy is itself debunking this misinformation. However, as more people get vaccinated, morbidity and mortality will naturally occur among people who have received a COVID-19 vaccine; this is because at a population level, illness and death are always occurring. There is to-date no evidence COVID-19 vaccines are linked to deaths. Suggested talking points would be to emphasize that adverse events after vaccination are investigated, there is no evidence COVID-19 vaccines are linked to deaths, and to educate on the normal, expected level of illness and death in the population. Familiarity with baseline levels of morbidity and mortality, along with the current incidence of COVID-19 deaths, can aid communicators in explaining coincidence vs. causation. Fact Checking Source(s): politifact.com
Reports of allergic reactions in 6 Moderna COVID-19 vaccine recipients at a clinic in San Diego temporarily slowed down vaccinations. According to the county’s Director of Epidemiology, the number of allergic reactions was slightly higher than expected in a day, and the reactions are being investigated. California’s state epidemiologist recommended providers stop using a specific lot of the Moderna vaccine out of an abundance of caution, and after consulting with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as allergists and other experts, California has resumed the Moderna vaccine rollout. The story spread quickly among vaccine opponents on social media, with popular tweets claiming that there were more injuries than reported.
Recommendation:
Passive Response Read More +
Continuing to regularly promote vaccines and their safety and efficacy is itself debunking this misinformation. Health communicators should keep abreast of clusters of adverse reactions such as this, and be prepared to address the incident if directly asked. Suggested talking points could include that all individuals who suffered an allergic reaction fully recovered, that healthcare workers at vaccination sites are monitoring people and ready to respond quickly if an adverse reaction occurs, and that each time an incident like this occurs it is covered by the news media and investigated seriously by health authorities - signs the system is working. Fact Checking Source(s): snopes.com, nbcsandiego.com, sfchronicle.com
Discredited scientist and unlicensed physician Andrew Wakefield, known as a leader of the global anti-vaccine movement, has recently begun making claims that the new mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 are a form of genetic engineering and are altering individual's DNA. The original disinformation was taken down on some social media sites, but the misinformation itself is now circulating widely. Confusion regarding mRNA and DNA has existed since the introduction of novel mRNA vaccines; anti-vaccination leaders capitalizing on this confusion by addressing it in their prominent talking points is a new challenge.
Recommendation:
Passive Response Read More +
Continuing to regularly promote vaccines and their safety and efficacy is itself debunking this misinformation. Health communicators should address confusion regarding mRNA and DNA as this confusion is widespread, though not by directly confronting anti-vaccination leadership talking points. Consider updating vaccine informational materials, resources, and FAQs. Fact Checking Source(s):gavi.com, acsh.org, skepticalraptor.com
A Florida medical doctor died 16 days after taking the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. An Emeritus Professor of medicine from a respected medical institution claimed in an interview with a large media outlet that “it’s a medical certainty that the vaccine was related.” Vaccine opponents quickly disseminated the remarks to validate their opposition to the vaccine. The Florida medical doctor’s death is under investigation by the CDC and researchers from the vaccine manufacturer. Cause of death is pending from the Miami Dade County’s coroner. At this time, he is believed to have died from a brain hemorrhage brought on by a low platelet count, a condition called “acute immune thrombocytopenia”.
Recommendation:
Passive Response Read More +
Continuing to regularly promote vaccines and their safety and efficacy is itself debunking this misinformation. However, as more people get vaccinated morbidity and mortality will naturally occur among people who have received a COVID-19 vaccine; this is because at a population level, illness and death are always occurring. There is no evidence COVID-19 vaccines are linked to deaths. Suggested talking points would be to emphasize that adverse events after vaccination are investigated, there is no evidence COVID-19 vaccines are linked to deaths, and to educate on the normal, expected level of illness and death in the population. Familiarity with baseline levels of morbidity and mortality can aid communicators in explaining coincidence vs. causation.
A false claim that a nursing home had zero deaths from COVID-19 until it started vaccinations is circulating on social media. Without any evidence, the claim states that the vaccine may have killed 24 people in a Syracuse nursing home. Officials from the nursing home are calling the claim “dangerously false” and misleading. They further clarified that the deaths mentioned in the claim are from an outbreak of COVID-19 that affected 137 residents, 24 of whom died. Although the nursing home has started vaccinating its residents, the outbreak occurred in December before vaccines were available and administered. Moreover, some of the residents that died did not receive a COVID-19 vaccine.
Recommendation:
Passive Response Read More +
Continuing to regularly promote vaccines and their safety and efficacy is itself debunking this misinformation. In this case, the cause of death appears clear: COVID-19. However, as more people get vaccinated, morbidity and mortality will naturally occur among people who have received a COVID-19 vaccine; this is because at a population level, illness and death are always occurring. There is no evidence COVID-19 vaccines are linked to deaths. Suggested talking points would be to emphasize that adverse events after vaccination are investigated, there is no evidence COVID-19 vaccines are linked to deaths, and to educate on the normal, expected level of illness and death in the population. Familiarity with baseline levels of morbidity and mortality, along with the current incidence of COVID-19 deaths, can aid communicators in explaining coincidence vs. causation. Fact Checking Source(s): syracuse.com
The Nation of Islam (NOI), an African American political and religious movement in the United States, has begun an anti-vaccine campaign. An in-person and online event featured a lengthy seminar titled “Beyond Tuskeegee – Why Black People Must Not Take The Experimental COVID-19 Vaccine." The event was posted on YouTube and other social media sites, and has been viewed over 100,000 times. NOI has created a webpage on COVID-19 vaccines, providing information and educational resources that contain substantial health misinformation regarding vaccines:
https://www.noi.org/vaccine
Recommendation:
Ignore Read More +
Black / African American health experts and community leaders in the United States have recently begun advising health communicators to stop using the term "vaccine hesitant" when referencing Black communities, and to stop referring to information circulating within Black communities as "misinformation." These experts are advising health communicators to instead focus on partnering with and empowering Black community leaders and organizations, and to earn trust instead of asking for or expecting it. Given the legacy of unethical treatment of Black communities and individuals in the United States by the medical and public health fields, this approach is recommended. Focusing on NOI's actions will distract from priority talking points regarding vaccine safety and efficacy, the equity of vaccine distribution, disproportionate risk of and mortality from COVID-19 among African Americans, and structural racism. Fact Checking Source(s):scientificamerican.com
A video titled “The Future of Vaccines” is circulating containing various debunked claims, including that COVID-19 vaccines cause genetic mutations to unborn fetuses in pregnant women, that the vaccines are unsafe due to rushed clinical trials, and that the vaccines contain microchips that will be implanted into those who receive it. All of the claims in the video have been explained or debunked by multiple fact checking sites.
Recommendation:
Ignore Read More +
Addressing this misinformation could distract from priority talking points regarding vaccine safety and distribution and general public health guidance. Fact Checking Source(s): politifact, poynter.org, reuters.com
Several stories have been trending around adverse reactions to the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. Last week a story about a nurse who fainted after receiving her Pfizer vaccine was trending, and in the last 24 hours the story has escalated to claim that she has now died from the vaccine (which is false). A story about a physician at Boston Medical Center who went into anaphylactic shock after receiving the Moderna vaccine also caused a spike in claims that vaccine ingredients are unsafe. The CDC asks individuals with a history of severe allergies to vaccines to consult their physician before receiving the vaccine.
Recommendation:
Direct Response Read More +
Directly address reported adverse reactions to prevent future misinformation. Use clear, consistent communication to make people more aware of what to expect, and focus on the fact that the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks. Keep information sheets and website FAQs up to date, and make sure spokespeople are aware of recently reported adverse reactions and have a prepared response, in case they are asked. Sample Statement "Severe side effects for the COVID-19 vaccine are extremely rare. When minor side effects occur, they are a normal sign your body is building protection to the virus, and most go away within a few days. If you have questions about whether the vaccine is safe for you, you should talk to your physician." Fact Checking Source(s): thequint.com | factcheck.org | cdc.gov
A Facebook photo is being shared that shows a bloody and disheveled hospital room with a fake CNN screen reading, "Breaking News: Hospitals on lockdown as first COVID-19 vaccine patients start eating other patients." There is, of course, no evidence that possible adverse reactions from COVID-19 immunization include cannibalism. Multiple fact-checking sites have debunked this post.
Recommendation:
Ignore Read More +
Addressing this misinformation could distract from priority talking points about vaccine safety and distribution. Fact Checking Source(s): newsmobile.in
Alerts are categorized as high, medium, and low risk.
- High risk alerts: Narratives with widespread circulation across communities, high engagement, exponential velocity, and a high potential to impact health decisions. Are often more memorable than accurate information.
- Medium risk alerts: Narratives that are circulating in priority populations and pose some threat to health. Potential for further spread due to the tactics used or because of predicted velocity. Often highlights the questions and concerns of people.
- Low risk alerts: Narratives that are limited in reach, don’t impact your community, or lack the qualities necessary for future spread. May indicate information gaps, confusion, or concerns.
Vaccine Misinformation Guide
Get practical tips for addressing misinformation in this new guide. Click image to download, or see highlights.