The athlete’s high profile and the heavy news coverage of his injury raise the risk of this misinformation. There is no evidence of any connection between the incident and the player’s vaccination—and many social media users also spoke out against those using the player’s health crisis to make anti-vaccine comments. People who spread anti-vaccine messaging frequently use the health issues faced by public figures to try to make claims about vaccination being dangerous. It is important to monitor any potential adverse effects of vaccines, and systems are in place to do so. But it’s up to medical professionals to determine if any adverse events have occurred, and there is no evidence connecting the athlete’s medical condition to vaccines. Exposing the disinformation strategies of vaccine opponents and emphasizing key messages is recommended: COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective. The risk of heart complications from COVID-19 infection is far higher than the small risk following vaccination.

More Information:

What happened to Damar Hamlin?
After tackling an opposing player, Hamlin stood up and then collapsed. Medical professionals administered CPR on the field to revive his heartbeat, and he was then taken by ambulance to the University of Cincinnati Medical Center, where he continues to receive treatment.

What caused the cardiac arrest?
Hamlin’s doctors have not yet determined the cause, but some medical professionals have said the incident was consistent with Commotio Cordis, a rare, serious medical condition that occurs when a person is hit in the chest and that impact triggers a dramatic change in the rhythm of their heart.

Was Hamlin’s cardiac arrest caused by a COVID-19 vaccine?
There is no evidence that Hamlin’s cardiac arrest was in any way related to a COVID vaccine. COVID-19 vaccine side effects have been intensively evaluated, and there is no evidence that cardiac arrest is associated with vaccine administration in the millions of people who have received it.

Do mRNA COVID-19 vaccines increase the risk of any heart-related problems?
The mRNA COVID-19 vaccines developed by Pfizer and Moderna are among the most widely and safely administered and monitored vaccines in the history of vaccine use. They are associated with a very small risk of heart inflammation, called myocarditis. Myocarditis has many different causes and can lead to cardiac arrest in some instances. A study published in the American Heart Association journal Circulation found that the risk of developing myocarditis following a COVID-19 vaccine booster is low, and when it does occur, cases are typically mild. In fact, extensive research shows that the COVID-19 virus poses a higher risk for myocarditis than vaccines.

Do COVID-19 vaccines increase the likelihood of an athlete dying suddenly?
No. Despite false claims that COVID-19 vaccines have increased Sudden Athlete Death Syndrome (SADS), scientific reviews, medical experts, and sports cardiologists have found no association between sudden death in athletes and vaccines.

Fact-Checking Source(s):

• FactCheck.org, AP

Additional Articles:

• “The Inflated Risk of Vaccine-Induced Cardiac Arrest,” The Atlantic, Jan. 4, 2023
• “NFL Player Damar Hamlin’s Cardiac Arrest Triggers Unfounded Social Media Claims,” factcheck.org, Jan. 3, 2023
• “Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination Outweigh the Rare Risk of Myocarditis, Even in Young Males,”org, March 1, 2022; updated April 5, 2022
• “Article Makes Unfounded Claims Linking Athletes’ Injuries, Deaths to Vaccines,” factcheck.org, Dec. 21, 2021

Emphasizing how the study is being misrepresented is recommended. The study found a modest increase in risk for pulmonary embolisms (blood clots in the lungs) in older adults following vaccination with the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine. No other health conditions showed a significant increase in risk, and no risks increased following Moderna and Johnson & Johnson vaccination. The study did not find that the Pfizer vaccine caused the increased risk. Instead, it concluded that further study is needed to determine if there is a potential link between the vaccine and pulmonary embolism. Messaging may explain that many large studies have found no link between mRNA vaccines and blood clots and that over 95 percent of Americans over the age of 65 have safely received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose.

Fact-Checking Source(s):

• The BMJ, Reuters

The high profile of these sources of misinformation elevates their risk. Both of the figures have gained popularity and large platforms by using their scientific and medical training to lend credibility to the misinformation that they promote. Misinformation about COVID-19 will persist online, but steps may be taken to reduce the impact. Continuing to report misinformation on other platforms is recommended, as is exercising caution when consuming and sharing health information on Twitter. Following trusted accounts and double-checking that verified accounts are real and reputable sources of information are also recommended. Consider countering misinformation on the safety and efficacy of vaccines by emphasizing the amount of time and research that goes into the development process and that more than 70 percent of the world’s population has safely received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose.

Fact-Checking Source(s):

• Health Feedback - Dr. Robert Malone, Health Feedback - Dr. Peter McCullough

The high level of international media attention that the case has received increases its risk. Any case involving the health or life of an infant is going to evoke strong emotional responses. Responding with empathy and acknowledging the concerns of parents is recommended, as is explaining how vaccines and medical procedures help protect both children and their families. Explaining that the Red Cross says that blood and plasma from vaccinated donors are perfectly safe is recommended. Messaging may explain that vaccine components are not transferred through blood and that there is no evidence that these antibodies would have any negative effect on donation recipients.

Fact-Checking Source(s):

• Reuters, American Red Cross

Consider countering this misinformation by explaining that the recommendations about COVID-19 mitigations and vaccinations are backed by scientific evidence and real-world data showing the effectiveness of vaccines and masks. On each of the issues raised in the article, the AAP is guided by the expertise of its membership and consensus from the national and international medical communities, backed by decades of research.

Fact Checking Source(s): 

• What to Expect, Kids Health