Misinformation Alerts
Knowing what misinformation is being shared can help you generate effective messaging.
These insights are based on a combination of automated media monitoring and manual review by public health data analysts. Media data are publicly available data from many sources, such as social media, broadcast television, newspapers and magazines, news websites, online video, blogs, and more. Analysts from the Public Good Projects triangulate this data along with other data from fact checking organizations and investigative sources to provide an accurate, but not exhaustive, list of currently circulating misinformation.
Alerts are categorized as high, medium, and low risk.
- High risk alerts: We recommend directly addressing and debunking the misinformation
- Medium risk alerts: We recommend monitoring the situation but not actively engaging.
- Low risk alerts: Provided for informational purposes. We do not recommend additional action at the moment.
A conservative newspaper has accused the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), a professional association for pediatricians in the U.S., of “hijacking” pediatrics, due to the organization's supportive stance on childhood vaccinations and gender-affirming care. The article criticizes the AAP for recommending COVID-19 vaccines, masks, and gender-affirming care for children.
Recommendation: Consider countering this misinformation by explaining that the recommendations about COVID-19 mitigations and vaccinations are backed by scientific evidence and real-world data showing the effectiveness of vaccines and masks. On each of the issues raised in the article, the AAP is guided by the expertise of its membership and consensus from the national and international medical communities, backed by decades of research. Fact Checking Source(s):
A group of 21 governors has come out in opposition to the military’s COVID-19 vaccine requirement, claiming that it is making recruitment and retention of service members more difficult. The governor’s letter repeats President Biden’s misleading claim that the pandemic is over to support the end of the mandate. Although the statement is not misinformation, it has fueled a weeklong discussion about the safety and effectiveness of the vaccines, resurfacing myths that they are experimental, dangerous, or ineffective against COVID-19.
Recommendation: Continuing to emphasize key messages is recommended: COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective. Messaging may also emphasize there is no widespread refusal of COVID-19 vaccination in the military and that vaccine mandates in the military aren’t new. Service members are required to receive multiple vaccines, including MMR, polio, chickenpox, and tetanus-diphtheria, with some exemptions for religious or health reasons. Fact Checking Source(s):
An article on a conspiracy news site that frequently misrepresents COVID-19 data is claiming that vaccinated children are 137 times more likely to die than unvaccinated children, suggesting that COVID-19 vaccines are deadly. The claim is based on raw data from the U.K. Office for National Statistics.
Recommendation: Emphasizing that this claim and others made by the website are based on intentionally misrepresenting raw, unverified, or decontextualized data is recommended. U.K. data does show that children who are vaccinated are more likely to die from all causes than children who are unvaccinated. This is because the children who are most likely to be vaccinated, especially early in the vaccine roll-out, are children who are already at a much higher risk of death than other children: children who are immunocompromised, children with cancer, and children with serious heart and respiratory conditions. Presenting these numbers without that context falsely implies that the children are dying from vaccine injuries. Fact Checking Source(s):
Several right-wing and anti-vaccine sites are promoting an international movement to open unvaccinated blood banks. Anti-vaccine conspiracists insist that blood from people who have received COVID-19 vaccinations is harmful to unvaccinated people, despite the complete absence of evidence to support their claim. The demand for “clean” or “pure” blood has had real-world consequences, such as the New Zealand parents who are delaying life-saving heart surgery for their baby until they can guarantee that the infant will not receive blood from vaccinated donors.
Recommendation: Emphasizing that the Red Cross says that blood and plasma from vaccinated donors are perfectly safe is recommended. Messaging may explain that vaccine components are not transferred through blood and that antibodies produced in response to the COVID-19 vaccine, COVID-19 infection, or both, are present in a majority of the U.S. blood donation supply. There is no evidence that these antibodies would have any negative effect on donor recipients. Fact Checking Source(s):
As of last week, Twitter has stopped enforcing its COVID-19 misinformation policy, which allowed users to flag content promoting false or misleading information about COVID-19 for review and potential removal from the platform.
Twitter’s COVID-19 guidelines were launched in January 2020 to combat misinformation in real time and make it easier for users to find accurate information about COVID-19 on the platform. The rules, while imperfect, have led to the suspension of over 11,000 accounts circulating COVID-19 misinformation. With the end of the policy, some large accounts that fueled early waves of COVID-19 misinformation and contributed to enduring vaccine hesitancy have returned to the site. Other prominent anti-vaccine accounts that have been flagged by public health and fact-checking organizations are expected to return soon.
Recommendation: The loss of Twitter’s COVID-19 policy coupled with the proposed return of the blue check subscription that enables any individual to purchase account verification without vetting means that anti-vaccine conspiracists will now have increased reach on the platform. The impact is unlikely to be limited to COVID-19, as many accounts that promote misleading COVID-19 content also circulate misinformation and conspiracy theories about vaccines, polio, and other health issues. Continuing to report misinformation on other platforms is recommended, as is exercising caution when consuming and sharing health information on Twitter. Following trusted accounts and double-checking that verified accounts are real and reputable sources of information are also recommended. Consider countering misinformation on the safety and efficacy of vaccines by emphasizing the amount of time and research that goes into the development process and the billions of people worldwide who have safely received vaccines. Fact-Checking Source(s):
Shortly after a country singer passed away in his sleep, vaccine conspiracists began baselessly claiming that COVID-19 vaccines caused his death. The bogus evidence for the claim is that the singer was vaccinated in April 2021.
Recommendation: Emphasizing how anti-vaccine advocates exploit the deaths of celebrities and other public figures to circulate vaccine misinformation is recommended. These groups have blamed COVID-19 vaccines for deaths that were later determined to be from old age, cancer, drug overdose, and chronic illnesses. As with previous instances, there is no evidence linking the death to COVID-19 vaccines. Both the singer’s family and publicist have dismissed the claim that the vaccine caused his death, requesting they be allowed to grieve while waiting for a full autopsy report. Fact Checking Source(s):
A news report stating that vaccinated people make up the majority of COVID-19 deaths is being used by vaccine opponents to try to discredit COVID-19 vaccines. One post calls COVID-19 vaccines “experimental toxins” being pushed by the government.
The posts are sharing the headline rather than the article itself. The article explains that vaccinated people are at lower risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19. Vaccinated people make up a much larger proportion of the population and are more likely to be over the age of 65, which is the greatest risk factor for COVID-19 death.
Recommendation: Messaging may emphasize that the article clearly explains that vaccinated people are at lower risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19. The numbers are misleading because 70 percent of the population and over 93 percent of people over the age of 65—who are at greatest risk of COVID-19 death—are fully vaccinated. It’s not surprising that when an overwhelming majority of a population belongs to a group, then that group will make up a large proportion of any effect. For example, people wearing seatbelts make up the majority of car accident deaths. That doesn’t mean that seatbelts cause these deaths or that not wearing a seatbelt is safer. It just means that because most people wear seatbelts, most car accidents, fatal or otherwise, involve people wearing seatbelts. Fact-Checking Source(s):
A video posted on social media features an internal medicine doctor falsely claiming that physicians are not taught about vaccines in medical school. The post received hundreds of engagements before it was flagged as misinformation.
Recommendation: Responding to each piece of misinformation may detract from priority talking points. Messaging may explain that vaccines and their function, effectiveness, production, and risks are a standard part of every physician’s medical education and that medical doctors are generally far more knowledgeable about vaccines than the general public. Fact-checking sources:
A documentary that has been viewed over 10 million times since it was released last week claims to document instances of people dying suddenly after COVID-19 vaccination. The film was produced by a radio host known for promoting conspiracy theories and anti-vaccine myths and shows videos of people collapsing from supposed vaccine side effects. It also shows large blood clots that are purportedly from the bodies of vaccinated people.
Recommendation: Emphasizing the documentary’s misrepresentations and blatant lies is recommended, as is explaining that the film blames any sudden or unexplained death on COVID-19 vaccines, without any evidence, knowledge of other health conditions, or even confirmation of vaccination status. Consider combating misinformation by explaining that baselessly claiming that deaths are related to vaccines, even when there is evidence to the contrary, is a common tactic of vaccine opponents. Many of the people featured in the film didn’t die at all; they fainted, collapsed from exhaustion, or experienced seizures. Among those featured in the film are people who fainted due to low blood pressure and an athlete who collapsed before any COVID-19 vaccines were available. One teen died from heart complications before vaccines were authorized for his age group and another died the day before she was scheduled to get vaccinated. Several autopsy experts have pointed out that the blood clots featured in the film are consistent with normal blood clotting that occurs after death. Messaging may emphasize that there is no evidence that COVID-19 vaccines increase the risk of sudden death and that the vaccines have been safely administered to 70 percent of the world’s population. Fact-Checking Source(s):
Several trending social posts have attempted to link COVID-19 vaccines to the rise in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cases in children over the last few months. One post claims that “experimental” COVID-19 vaccines drove RSV to record high levels so pharmaceutical companies could profit off an RSV vaccine.
Recommendation: Emphasizing that there is no evidence of any kind that COVID-19 vaccines are linked to RSV infections is recommended. In clinical trials, there was no difference in RSV rates between children who received vaccines and children who received a placebo. Many of the current RSV cases are infants who are too young to be vaccinated for COVID-19. Fact Checking Source(s):
Alerts are categorized as high, medium, and low risk.
- High risk alerts: We recommend directly addressing and debunking the misinformation
- Medium risk alerts: We recommend monitoring the situation but not actively engaging.
- Low risk alerts: Provided for informational purposes. We do not recommend additional action at the moment.
Vaccine Misinformation Guide
Get practical tips for addressing misinformation in this new guide. Click image to download, or see highlights.